Economic Deceleration: Shutdown and Spending Drag Down Q4 Growth

WASHINGTON — In a much-anticipated report released today, Friday, February 20, 2026, the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) confirmed that the U.S. economy experienced a significant deceleration in the final months of 2025. Real GDP grew at an annual rate of 1.4% in the fourth quarter, a sharp drop from the robust 4.4% growth seen in the third quarter.

The report, which was delayed by several weeks due to the October–November government shutdown, highlights a “bifurcated” economy where strong business investment in AI is struggling to offset a cooling consumer sector and the fallout from the longest funding lapse in U.S. history.


The Shutdown Effect: A 1.0% GDP Hit

The 43-day partial government shutdown, which lasted from October 1 to November 12, 2025, left a measurable dent in the national output. While federal workers eventually received back pay, the disruption to services and the “lost hours” of productivity created a drag that could not be fully recovered.

  • Direct Drag: The BEA estimates that the reduction in federal labor services subtracted approximately 1.0 percentage point from the headline GDP growth rate.
  • Delayed Data: The “statistical blackout” caused by the shutdown led to the rescheduling of today’s report, leaving markets and the Federal Reserve “flying blind” throughout much of January.
  • Spending Contraction: Total government spending and investment fell by 5.1% in Q4, a stark reversal from the growth seen earlier in the year.

Consumer Fatigue: The Goods Recession

Perhaps more concerning for the administration is the cooling of the American consumer. While overall consumer spending (PCE) remained positive, the drivers of that growth have shifted.

Spending CategoryQ4 PerformanceAnalysis
Services+1.6 percentage pointsStrong demand for health care and international travel continues to buoy the economy.
Durable Goods-0.9%A significant decline; analysts suggest “tariff front-running” in early 2025 exhausted demand for big-ticket items.
Non-Durables+0.4%Tepid growth as households grapple with food prices rising at a 3.1% annual pace (beef, coffee).

The Silver Lining: AI and Business Investment

Despite the headline deceleration, the private sector remains a primary engine of resilience. Business investment added 0.5 percentage points to growth, driven almost entirely by the ongoing Artificial Intelligence boom.

  • Data Centers: Real-term spending on data center construction reached $25.2 billion in late 2025, up 22% year-to-date.
  • Intellectual Property: Investment in software and AI-related equipment accelerated, suggesting that firms are looking to productivity gains to offset a “low-hire” labor market.

The Administration’s “Boom” Forecast

President Trump and his economic team have dismissed the Q4 slowdown as a “shutdown-induced outlier.” On Thursday, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick predicted a massive rebound for 2026.

“This quarter—the first quarter of 2026—the United States of America’s $30 trillion economy will exceed 5% growth. By the end of the year, you’re going to see 6%.” — Howard Lutnick, Feb 2026

The administration is betting on a “twin-engine” stimulus in the coming months: historically large tax refunds from the “Big, Beautiful Bill” and potential interest rate cuts from the Federal Reserve as inflation (currently at 2.7%) slowly nears the 2% target.


Looking Ahead: The Midterm Economic Stakes

With the 2026 midterm elections looming, the “affordability crisis” remains the top concern for voters. While GDP growth is positive, the 4.5% unemployment rate and the rising cost of living have kept consumer sentiment “dour,” according to recent polling.

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